What are the similarities and differences between different types of viral hepatitis?

All five types of hepatitis viruses generally produce the same type of symptom, but there are people whose symptoms do not appear even if they are infected. The first signs that the patient notices are in the faeces, which may be light, the color of the clay, and the urine is dark. Also, the skin color can be changed in case of. Abdominal pain in the upper right dial is caused by the Glisson capsule distention rule. Impaired digestion can cause nausea, vomiting, sometimes diarrhea and diarrhea. The inflammatory response causes the appearance of specific symptoms: fever (like flu symptoms), muscle or joint pain.

usually occurs due to the accumulation of bile salts at the skin level. Also at the skin level, mild haemorrhages can occur due to decreased production of coagulation factors in the liver and vitamin K absorption disorders. Decreasing energy metabolism leads to fatigue and weakness. Because it is not possible to differentiate clearly according to the symptomatology, we will try to find out the differences, but also the similarities between the viral structure, the mode of transmission, the treatment and the possible complications of the five types of hepatitis. So the first clear difference is that of the pathogen: the hepatitis virus.

Each type of hepatitis is produced by a virus with a different structure and the name is identical to that of the virus (hepatitis A is produced by the hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus etc. ). The only DNA virus type is the hepatitis B virus. The rest are RNA-like, all five having a single-stranded structure. A particular situation is the hepatitis D virus, which needs the hepatitis B virus to replicate.

Thus, it may occur simultaneously (co-infection) or as an over-infection of hepatitis B. The incubation period For hepatitis A and D, the incubation period is 14 - 50 days. Hepatitis E has an intermediate incubation period of 21-60 days, and hepatitis B and C have a longer incubation period (45-160 days, respectively 14-180 days). Most viral hepatitis is transmitted through contact with the blood or other body fluids of the infected person. Also, the use of contaminated personal items such as razor blades, syringes or scrubs may also facilitate the transmission of hepatitis viruses from an infected person to a healthy person.

But there are also fundamental differences in the mode of transmission. For example, hepatitis A and E have a fever-oral transmission or can be transmitted either by direct contact very closely with the infected person or by eating contaminated food and drinks. Contact or occasional touch does not usually facilitate the transmission of the virus. Hepatitis A is also known as \. The first two types of hepatitis are transmitted and, in the case of other types, the mode of transmission is more rarely encountered.

In terms of vertical transmission (from mother to fetus), only hepatitis B and C show this property. Cases of transmission of hepatitis E have been reported during pregnancy, but only sporadically. Only hepatitis B, C and D benefit from specific treatment. For hepatitis B and C (for hepatitis B only in chronic form), antiretroviral drugs such as Lamivudine or a combination of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir (Harvoni). Hepatitis D is treated with a new substance called Lonafarnib or pegylated interferon when hepatitis B coinfection is chronic.

In hepatitis A and E, only symptomatic treatments and body immunity are used. In cases, the only curative treatment is liver transplantation, but eligibility depends on many factors such as age, stage of disease, other associated conditions, etc. . The most feared complications are cancer. Hepatic cirrhosis occurs when the infection becomes chronic and produces irreversible damage to the liver.

The type of hepatitis with the greatest chronicling potential is hepatitis B. Immunization is an essential factor in diminishing the risk of chronication, with statistics showing that 90% of non-immunized and hepatitis B infected children become chronic, with the percentage decreasing with age, reaching only 10% for adolescents and adults. The risk of developing (hepatocellular carcinoma) occurs exclusively in the chronic variants of hepatitis B and C. Although it can not cause liver cancer, hepatitis E is more dangerous if they need careful monitoring throughout the pregnancy. The only type that can not be prevented by vaccination is that the hepatitis C virus vaccine is still in the testing phase.

Hepatitis D can be prevented by immunization against hepatitis B virus. Therefore, vaccination is one of the most important ways of preventing viral hepatitis, and for this must be strictly observed the vaccination schedule since maternity. .