Varicocele, testicular disease that can cause infertility

Primary or primitive varicocele, 95-98% on the left, occurs after 19-30 years of puberty from often idiopathic causes (unknown). Secondary varicocele occurs as a result of a condition such as a tumor, so it may appear on both sides, and the average age it occurs is between 35-40 years. Depending on the size, varicocele can be categorized into three categories: the first category is a high level in which the varicocele is identified by the patient, the medium level, identified by autopalpation and small level, which is detected only by palpation during . The main causes are caused by chronic venous stasis, long left sperm vein, left sperm left vein valve, too-spiral tract of the left spermatic artery around the vein that can influence venous circulation at that level. In some cases, it may play a role in the development of varicocele due to compression on the sperm vein. Also, hereditary, functional or endocrine anatomical factors should not be neglected.

The risk factors involved in this pathology are: - many hours a day - hereditary predisposition - weak wall structure - infections with - increased abdominal pressure due to exaggerated exercise, weight gain at work or at the strength of the body. - sometimes it is asymptomatic at onset - scrotum pressure sensation, especially after prolonged orthostatic prolongation or great effort - testicular embarrassment accompanied by continuous pain - scrotum pain after - - - night urinary incontinence - itching . The objective examination shows a volume increase of the affected hemiscrot, with dilated emphasis through the thin skin. On palpation, this conglomeration of veins is soft, painless and very mobile. The diagnosis of varicose veins is based on the symptoms of the general objective examination and is complemented by paraclinical examinations.

Paraclinical investigations include imaging explorations, especially scrotum ultrasound, to highlight blood flow through spermatic veins and biological exploration of the patient's sperm to see fertilization capacity and damage to it. If the detected pathology requires further investigation, abdominal ultrasound may be performed and, in special situations, contrast urography. Differential diagnosis is performed with renal vein compression, aortic aneurysm, tumor compression, and obstruction of the inferior cave vein. Treatment for varicocele is in most cases surgical - either by classical surgery, where high ligation of the spermatic vein is performed or laparoscopic by clamping the vein at the iliac level, and in cases where it can not be done for various medical reasons or when . After surgery, there are some recommendations that have to be respected as post-operative evolution to be favorable for the patient.

After surgery, it is recommended to avoid at least 2 weeks of sports training and sexual intercourse for 1-2 weeks. And with regard to the incision (wound), it must be kept dry, with regular dressing changes to 2 days and proper wound dressing. If severe pain occurs in the scrotum area, it is possible to administer anti-algic drugs prescribed by the specialist doctor. Most patients resume their activity after a week, and in the early days they report a discrete pain in the postoperative wound, and after yarn suppression at 7 days scrotum sensitivity is already improved. After surgery, over 70% of the patients operated resumed sperm parameters after about 3 months because spermatogenesis lasts between 72-80 days and 40% of them have increased the rate without other drugs.

Evolution of varicocele is slow and may cause complications such as changes in spermatogenesis to impaired reproductive function and sperm phlebitis. In order to detect the condition in time, specialists recommend men to regrow themselves regularly from the age of 19, and if they notice changes in the testicle, they will come to one for a more thorough examination of the area and to confirm or deny them . With regard to the education of varicocele patients, it is advisable to avoid sexual activities with persons with sexually transmitted diseases, avoiding high intensity efforts and other medical indications. .